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Developing Your Child's IEP
Present Levels, Goals & Services, Accommodations

Question 1. What is a PLAAFP?

Answer

Under IDEA 2004, the IEP must include "a statement of the child's present levels of academic achievement and functional performance ..." .

The Present Levels of Academic Achievement and Functional Performance are objective data that describe what your child knows and is able to do. They describe your child's strengths, challenges, and needs. The present levels include baseline data.

Sometimes Present Levels are referred to as the PLAAFP.

Some people refer to the Present Levels as the PLOP (Present Levels of Performance) or the PLEP (Present Levels of Educational Performance). However, IDEA 2004 requires that the IEP include a statement of present levels of academic achievement and functional performance.

The term "performance" describes what your child can do.

The Present Levels describe your child's unique needs that result from his disability. The Present Levels are the foundation for everything else in the IEP.

Present Levels of academic achievement include subjects like reading, math, and spelling.

Present Levels of functional performance include non-academic and functional areas like communication, fine motor skills, behavior and social skills, and daily life activities.

Legal Resources

Wrightslaw: All About IEPs Chapter 4 - Present Levels, Measurable Goals, Services

Wrightslaw: Special Education Law, 3rd Edition

IDEA

20 U.S.C.§ 1414(d)(1)(A)(i)(I)

Wrightslaw: Special Education Law, 3rd Edition, p. 142, footnote 168, 169

IDEA Regulations

34 C.F.R. §300.320(a)(1)

More Resources

Present Levels: The Foundation of the IEP

Wrightslaw Game Plan: Writing SMART IEPs

How to Determine Measurable IEP Goals (National Association of Special Education Teachers)

Is Your PLOP a FLOP?

Present Levels of Functional Performance and Functional Goals in IEPs

State Special Education Regulations and Guidelines. You will find your specific state regulations at your State Department of Education website. Use the Wrightslaw Yellow Pages for Kids with Disabilities to locate your state site.

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